Railway cross-tie.



No. 816,800. PATENTED' APR. 3, 1906.-

J. KAHN. RALWAY CRDSS TIB. APPLIUATIGN FILED XULY 1s. 1904.

@m1195535 nmmtur Arail to the cross-tie.

UNITED sTATEsv Para CEEICE,

JULIUs KAHN, or DETBOITQMICHICAN, AssIGNoR To TRUssED CONCRETE sTEEL COMPANY, oF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CCE- PoEATIoN CE MICHIGAN.

RAILWAY CROSS-TIE..

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented April 3, 190.`

Application iiled July'lS, 1904.-. Serial No. 216,324.

To (LH whom, it 71mg/ Concern.-

Beit known that 1, JULIUs KAHN, a citizen of the'United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new land Improved Railway Cross-Tie, of which the following is a specification.

,My invention relates to reinforced concrete cross-ties for railroads; and the objects of my improvements are to provide a crosstie of this character constructed to withstand the stresses produced by une ually-solid track=ballast, to provide a rein orced concrete cross-tie in which the reinforcing members 'will lie across the line of greatest stress, to provide a concrete cross-tie with'suitable foot-plates for the rails, and to provide means for attaching the rails to the cross-ties that can be easily and quickly put in place to fasten the rail and as easily released. l attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1' is a view, partially inlongitudinal cross-section, of a cross-tie embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective of a reinforcing-bar. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 on Fig. 1. y Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are views of one form of foot-plate. Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the manner ofusing this foot-plate to secure the Fig. 9 is a plan of another form of foot-plate and the fasteningmeans for therail. Fig. 10 is a cross-section on the line y road is in perfect condition. When su .ed unevenly, so that they are compe led to 10 10of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a cross-'section on the line 11 11 on Fi .10. Figs. 12 and 13 are views of the foot-p ateused in these figures. Fig. `14 is a view, partly in longitudinal crosssection, of a cross-tie embodying another modification of my invention. Fig. 15 is a cross-section of this tie under a rail. Fig. 16

is a plan of another form of foot-plate and.

the means for securingV it in place. Fig. 17 is a cross-section on the line 17 17 on Fig. 16, and Fig. 18 is an end view of the same.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throu hout the several views. Combine usually co tructed are either too expensive 'on accountrof the large amount of steel used or they are liable to be-broken when heavy trains pass over them unless the ballast of the portare also a constant source of trouble.

concrete and metal cross-ties as.

cient. 4As a rule the foot-plates under the act as a beam, their slight strength is insufii# rails lare either insufficiently secured to the cross-tie or else this fastening increases .they

price to a prohibitive degree. ing means between the cross-tie and the rail In the The 'connect drawings cross-ties are shown that have sufi 1'" iicient strength, the various forms of footf" plates are such as to form a permanent union with the cross-tie, and the fastening means between tlie cross-tie and rail are easily apgplied and removed.

In Fig. l is shown a concrete cross-tie 1,'in

which are embedded two tension-bars 2 and 8. These members are formed from flat bars having auxiliary'tension members or tongues struck up from the same and inclined at such an angle that when in place these tongues -5 lie across the usual line of fracture. plates 5, having flanges 5, rest on these ties, and U-shaped bolts 7, having'washers',

project on opposite sides of the rail on eppol site sides of the center line of the'cross-tie.

As shown in Fig. 1, these bolts and Washers firmly unite the cross-ties and rails.v The bottom of the cross-tie is left flat to obtain the maximum bearing, while the material on the top may be out away, asindioated'in the drawings. If, as often happens, the ballast is rammed less firmly under the middle of the a cross-tie than under the ends,'tl-1ere is danger of a fracture extending from under the rail downward and outward. This is prevented by the auxiliary tension members 9 .on the bar 2, which transmit4 the tension stress set up in the concrete toward the bar 4, the concrete'of the to of the bar acting as the compression memlier of the truss. This tension is transmitted largely by the tongues 10. When the cross-tie is supported in the middle, it 1s liable to break between' the rails.

The tensional stress is set up in the top ofthe cross-tie, which stress is taken upby the bar 3 and the tongues 4. In fact, any unusual stress will be taken up by either one or the other of the bars 2 and 3. VCompressionstresses are never great enough to rupture IOC the large amount of concrete necessary to cover load.

In Figs. 14 and 15is siiown atrough-shaped tension member climprising a fiat bar 11,

sufficient earth area to support the having upturned sides 12 struck ul in the form of the Wellknown expande metal. This metal forms a lattice of inclined tension members that cross the usual lines of fracture inclusive) are Jformed from flat plates of the prolper form by pressing between dies" or from ma cable iron. A, U-shaped depression 14 is formed in the center'toform a socket for the bolt 15, that holds down the rail. A. groove 16 is molded inthe cross-tie to admit thev bolt, the Washer 17', and the nut. The arms ,18 are formed on each end of theplate and -are molded into the lconcrete, thereby forming anchors to ,hold thefoot-plate in place. Asthe cross e tieis -molded upside down, the concrete can be l-Well rammed around these arms. With this foot-plate the cross-tie can be slid underneath rails already vin place, the bolt and Washer beingput in place afterward.

Instead of the arms 18, forming part ofthe plate, I may use the construction ,shown in i s. 16, 17, and 18. This plate 19 is rectangu ar, having a length equal to the Width of the cross-tie. It is provided Withl three sockets, the middle one 20 being similar to socket 1li in Figs. 4 to 8. The side sockets 21 are to receive the tWo round rods 22, which are inserted and then bent to the Jform shown; The cross-tie is provided With grooves, as in Figs. 7 and 8. v

Where extremely heavy service 1s required, as on curves, the construction shown in Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, will be found of great value. A foot-plate`23 is provided with a number of integra tongues 24, which are molded into the concrete. Stirrups 2,5, formed of flat bars, are molded in the cross-tie, their feet` being near the bottom, While their round u per ends form sockets that extend into t e grooves 26, Where they engage the bolts 27. These bolts engage the flan e of the rail on opposite sides and securely old it in place. Instead of the nuts onthevbolts contacting With the edge of the foot-plate the bolts may be provided With the Washers 17 of Figs. 1' and 8.

In all these forms of foot-plates it will be noticed that the bolts can be removed and the tie slid out endwise from under the rails without disturbing the rails.'

Having now explained my improvement, what I c aim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination oi" a rail-bearing plate for crossties comprising a body having parsiaeoo allel depressed portions t@ r'ceivevbolts, and bolts passing under the bodyof said plate. and through said depressed portions and hav-` ing upturned hooks at one end and. nuts and Washers at the other, said hooks adapted to'A engagIe the rail-ilange on opposite sides.

2. na combined-concrete and metal cross#l tie, the combination oi a trougheshaped ten-- sion member extending near the bottom of 'the saine andhaving struck-up sides-project ing upward-and thetop edges of said sides inclinediin opposite directions from vertical lines passing through the rails, and ceneri-rtev molded around the same to formthe body of the cross-tie. f y

3. A metal tension member for combined metal and concrete construction, comprising a solid longitudinal ortion and a portion of the same expanded aterally.

4. In a combined concrete and metal tie, .the combination of a lconcrete body, a solidmetal tension member ,extending longitudinally of the same andhaving extending lat-v ticed rojections in the form of expanded metal.

5.. A rail-bearing plate for cross-ties comprising a bod having a depressed portion to receive a bo t, and arms extending down- Wardl from each end. i 6. bearing-plate and'connecting means for cross-ties and rails, comprising a body having a de Jressed socketto receive a bolt, arms extending downward from each end, and a bolt having an upturned-hook passing through said socket.

IOO

7. n a concrete cross-tie, the combination of a plate restingon said cross-tie, and hav-- ing a depressed socket, arms extending downward to secure the plate to said cross-tie, a bolt passing under the body of said plate and through said socket having an upturned hook on one end anden the other a Washer having a projecting portion, said hook and Washer adapted to engage a rail-flange, said cross-tie having a groove to permit the. insertion of the bolt and Washer. i

8. In a combined concrete and metal crosstie, the combination of a metal tension member extending near the bottom of the same and having auxiliary tension members extending upward, concrete' molded around the same to form the body ofthe cross-tie, a bearing-plate comprising a body having a de. pressed socket to receive a bolt and arms extending downward into the conc-rete from the plate, and a bolt having an upturnedl hook to secure a rail to said cross-tie, said bolt passing through said socket.

9. In a combined concrete and metal crosstie, the combination of the concrete body, a'

.flat metal tension member lextending longitudinally near the bottom of the same and having vupwardly-extendin'g latticed projections in the form of expanded metal, the upper edges of said t expanded-metal portions IIL being of uneven height being highest at the points immediately under the bearing-points ofthe rails. y

10. In a combined concrete and metal tie,

the oombinationof a concrete body, a metall tension member extending longitudinally cross-tie at the points of Contact of the rails bolts passin beneath said plates, and anehors exten ing into the concrete to hold said bolts and thereby secure the rails and cross-ties together.

l1. In a combined concrete and metalA cross-tie, the combination of the concrete body, a lat metal tension member extending longitudinally near the bottom of the same and having upwardly-extending latticed projeotions in the form of expanded metal, the upper edges of said expanded-metal portions being of uneven height, being highest at the points immediately under the bearing-point of the rails, a plate resting on said cross tie, and having a depressed socket, arms extending downward to secure the plate to said cross-tie, a bolt passing under the body of said plate and through said'socket, a Washer, having a projecting portion to engage a rail, on one end of said bolt, the other end having a hook to engage the flange of a rail to secure the same to the cross-tie.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing v vitnesses.

JULIUs KAHN.

Inpresenee of* ANNA` M. GREGoRYg EDWARD N. PAGELSEN. 

